World Intellectual Property Organization ( Wipo ) Copyright

Presentation Copyright is a standout amongst the most vital piece of Intellectual Property Laws. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) characterizes copyright as Copyright (or creator s privilege) is a lawful term used to depict the rights that makers have over their scholarly and imaginative works. Works secured by copyright range from books, music, compositions, model, and movies, to PC programs, databases, notices, maps, and specialized drawings. Copyrights give the assurance to the creator as for different things. These things will differ from nation to nation and are the subject to the statute of the spot or tradition that must be adhered to. The conditions identifying with the rights, their term, legitimacy and so on . relies on upon the statute and law of the nation. Creators and maker have been making their manifestations for a very long time and some surely understood creators and makers have additionally possessed the capacity to enroll their name in the great arrangements of the history for their benevolent acts. For instance, The principal individual we consider when we hear the word Ramcharitmanas is Tulsidas or when we listen to the celebrated doha Master gobind dou khade, kaake tidal pond paay. Balihari master aapne gobind diyo batay We realize that the individual who composed the above lines is Kabir. All the name, popularity and acknowledgment that these acclaimed identities have procured over the time in history is the aftereffectShow MoreRelatedThe Beginnings Of Intellectual Property Rights1630 Words   |  7 Pages Beginnings of Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual property rights will remain a part of international trade agreements in the future, but the global activity will likely be characterized by varying standards and improved enforcement, reflecting evolution in social, cultural and political attitudes, and a deeper understanding of the relationships among innovation, creation and the more efficient distribution of intellectual property. Increased cooperation might occur at the governance levelRead MoreIntellectual Property Rights : An Analytical Study Essay998 Words   |  4 PagesINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS – AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT Abstract Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds. These rights make the creator/ inventor as the owner of the product/work. IP protection is intended to stimulate the creativity of the human mind for the benefit of all by ensuring that the advantages derived from exploiting a creation benefit the creator. This will encourage creative activity and allow investors in researchRead MoreLegal Protection And Intellectual Property Rights1175 Words   |  5 PagesIntellectual property is defined in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) as the creation of the mind. According to WIPO the work does not have to be literary in order to be protected. Names, images, symbols, designs..etc. are all protected. Intellectual property rights are mentioned in article 27 of the universal human rights act that gives the inventors and creators to benefit from their work. Those rights are obtained through registering patents, trademarks, and copyrig hts. ThereRead MoreIntellectual Property Laws Of Australia Essay2086 Words   |  9 PagesIntellectual property is a broad term that is used to refer to the rights that the owner of an invention or an artwork enjoys. An example of intellectual property law is the Trade Related Aspect of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs), which gives individual rights such as patent, designs, and trademark. Intellectual property is contained in the Article 2(viii) of the convention, which led the establishment of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). Literary works, inventions, discoveriesRead More Intellectual Property Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesIntellectual property are the legal rights (control and ownership) of creations, such as ideas; inventions; designs, etc. for the use in commerce (Bainbridge, 2012). Intellectual law in countries seeks to deter individuals or organizations from copying or capitalizing upon another’s work. The main areas protected by protect in tellectual property law include: patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret. Intellectual Property can be categorized under the following: Monopoly Right to preventRead MoreIntellectual Property : An Important Component Of National Economic Policies2053 Words   |  9 PagesIntellectual Property is a general term used to refer to independent statutory or non-statutory systems such as patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets (Drahos). Like the industrial revolution, post-war consumerism and the technology revolution, the world is currently in a state of change (Daly). Unlike those periods, however, the convergence of economic, social and environmental pressures has created an even more favourable platform for innovation (Daly). Intellectual Property plays anRead MoreImplementation of Intellectual Property Right: Multiple parties’ Responsibility1963 Words   |  8 Pagesimportant is an intellectual property right (IPR)? IPR protects the creator or inventor’s benefits, so that it stimulates the interest of innovation. According to United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the number of pa tent application has been increased over 450% from 1980 to 2010. It shows that people now are more concern about copyright issues. Although owners have the patent application, the violating of copyrights and patents are still happening all over the world. TheRead MoreEstablish the Business in Totalitarian or Democratic System3405 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction All countries in the world have various political environment and regimes. Political systems differ in terms of the governance, power and the rule of law. A political regime can be defined as structures, activities and processes by which given countries in the world govern themselves. Political systems can be based on either collectivism or individualism. It is essential for business to look at a country’s political environment as a vital criterion in venturing or expanding the businessRead MoreThe Purpose Of Copyright Laws1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of copyright laws in modern society, as confirmed by Darrell Panethiere (2005) is to protect the creative rights of â€Å"authors, performers, publishers, broadcasters, and many others whose livelihoods depend upon the recognition of rights† (p. 1, par. 1) for their intellectual properties. In the contemporary business world, most companies that sell products of some kind depend on other firms for the design, p roduction, and distribution of the product to make it available for selling. SuchRead MoreCopyrights And Other Legalities. Copyrights Are More Limited1490 Words   |  6 Pages Copyrights and Other Legalities Copyrights are more limited in scope than patents. They protect the original works of authorship, not the ideas they contain. In the United States, original works include literary, drama, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. A computer program, for example, is considered a literary work and is protected by copyright. A copyright gives its owner the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the material or perform or display it publicly. However

Solution for The Problem of Bulimia Nervosa Family...

In the world today, people focus so much on their outward appearance when what is on the inside is what truly counts. Eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa have become a cultural habit, Research shows family support is the most effective solution for preventing and treating bulimia nervosa. Usually, what causes a person to become bulimic is different for everyone; it could be as simple as uncontrollable diet habits due to a person’s low self esteem. People do not just wake up one day and choose to be bulimic, it usually starts out with dieting(Gilbert 71). When God created each person; He made them perfect in His sight, when people complain about their bodies it grieves His heart. When people look in the mirror and do not like what†¦show more content†¦Since every person looks up to someone; that is the way God created humans, a lot of people look up to the people in the media spotlight. The actors, actresses and singers do not look like normal people, they edit al l the photos to make them look ideal and perfect all the time, but when an average teenage girl looks at her Hollywood role model and sees perfection then looks at herself and sees flaws her self- esteem drops because her outward appearance is not perfect. What all that distractions whether from media or mind games people are starting to lose focus on what is really important, what is on the inside. So, when a person struggles with an eating disorder like bulimia nervosa; most of the time the can leave the problem to themselves and not share it with others, but when a person admits that they have a problem and needs help most of the time the person will go to a close family member or friend for support. Amanda Garder says, â€Å"Families have often been seen as part of the problem, rather than part of the solution† (Garder 3). A person that has the support from a family member or friend can have someone to turn to for help and counsel when they need it. People who have som eone to be there for them can help with the persons self-esteem, knowing that they have someone that loves and cares for them. Young girls that are struggling with bulimia nervosa and feel that they have no one to turn to are stuck in the habits with no one to help themShow MoreRelatedTeenagers Are Suffering With Multiple Eating Disorders1484 Words   |  6 Pagestheir child is facing and take action immediately to save their child from the dangerous activities. It is important for them to realize that their child is in great danger once they begin to do any of these tasks. Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa are psychological problems which mostly affect teenagers and causes them to become conscious about their weight and body image. Meanwhile, parents are very naà ¯ve and ignorant which causes them not to recognize the signs that their child(s) are strugglingRead MoreEating Disorders Among Young Adults1015 Words   |  5 Pagessurrounded by food. In the United States there is a fast food restaurant on almost every corner and yet there is still an issue with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. When it comes to eating disorders there are the three main ones. The three main types are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. These disorders affect millions of young adults. A majority of people think that eating disorders only affect females. Which these disorders are mostlyRead MoreEating Disorders Are Serious Conditions Involving Extremely Unhealthy Dietary Habits1046 Words   |  5 PagesEating disorders are serious conditions involving extremely unhealthy dietary habits. The two most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. In the past few decades, eating disorders have become more and more prevalent in western countries. A lot of people suffered from the diseases, for example, famous Princess Diana has struggled with bulimia for many years. It should be kept in mind that eating disorders occur not only in adults, but also in young people. In fact, many eatingRead MoreEating Disorders : Social, Genetics, And Psychological1702 Words   |  7 Pageswe must put our own bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of ourselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder†(National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders.Eating). Eating disorders are growing rapidly and they will continue to grow if nothing is done to help the victims throughout the world understand that the only way to obtain a perfect body is to be happy with one they haveRead MoreJocelyn Bennett. Mrs. Gallos. English 3 Honors. 6, April1741 Words   |  7 Pagesthey must put their bodies through unhealthy habits which can lead to the harm of themselves physically and mentally. In fact, â€Å"Every 62 minutes at least one person dies as a direct result from an eating disorder† (National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders Eating). Eating disorders are growing rapidly, and they will continue to grow if no thing is done to help the victims throughout the world understand that the only way to obtain a perfect body is to be happy with one they haveRead MoreThe Theory Of Cognitive Approach On Eating Disorders1335 Words   |  6 Pagesthe etiology of these disorders, therefore, along with biological, psychological and family factors have been generating an excessive preoccupation with the body, an abnormal fear of becoming fat and anxiety markedly accompanied by changes in the body schema. These are therefore the characteristics of Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Anorexia Nervosa (AN). The following ten literature review attempt to demonstrate and support the theory of cognitive approach on eating disorders, briefly understanding the neurobiologicalRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Eating Disorders1051 Words   |  5 PagesThough eating disorders are inextricably linked to genetics, the environment also largely determines them. Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and most recently Binge eating are thr ee central types of eating disorders cited in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Eating Disorders (DSM-5, 2015). The prevalence of eating disorders is fundamentally a result of Western cultures construction of thinness as an ideal form of beauty. Eating disorders are often discounted as a myth of white privilege. ThoseRead More Adolescent Eating Disorders Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pagesand medical issues associated with the disorders of anorexia and bulimia, scholars have tried to categorize and find answers to the problems which certain adolescents suffer. In this paper I focused on the two major eating disorders of anorexia and bulimia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1978, Brunch called anorexia nervosa a new disease and noted that the condition seemed to overtake ?the daughters of the well-to-do, educated and successful families.? Today it is acknowledged and accepted that anorexia affects moreRead More Anorexia and Bulimia Essay1865 Words   |  8 Pages Bulimia Nervosa I sat there staring in the mirror filled with disgust at the figure on the other end. I thought â€Å" another day, another day living and thinking of nothing else but the way that I look naked, the way I look with clothes on, and the way other people look at me.† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I was 17 years old when I began to have the premature symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa. I was a cheerleader for a national competition squad, and was worried about being able to tumble to my full potentialRead MoreHow Do you Identify and Battle Eating Disorders?1038 Words   |  5 PagesGroups of sometimes life-threatening conditions called eating disorders occur when a person is so extremely focused on body weight and food that they lose concentration on a lot of things. Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge eating are the most common types of eating disorders. Identifying, battling, and recovering from an eating disorder can be an extremely frightening string of Events that may seem impossible to overcome at the time, however, through God’s divine healing power and

Bullying and Individual Person Free Essays

Argumentative Essay on Bullying Bullying is a constant problem in schools today. It starts off with annoying comments, but esculates up to more severe matters. A lot of us have seen it happen, and a lot of us know how it feels. We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying and Individual Person or any similar topic only for you Order Now No one likes being bullied. People look at it as ignorant kids,but bullies are truly criminals,stealing other human-beings self-esteem and at times people end their lives. First of all, bullying is a crime, because of the serious effects and impact it can have on a individual person. And once a person has been robbed of their self-esteem they can suffer from mental and physical problems, drop out of school and mabey even comiit suicide. Many people today can still recall them humiliating days at the hands of their class bully, mainly because bullies usually don’t operate alone. They usually sycophantic the person which means(making their victims attempt to win them over or be a personal flunky so they would stop bullying them. Bullies are everywhere in small communities, big communities,parks,mall,streets,but most of all bullies are found at school. Bullies gain control over other kids by physical attacks, punching,kicking and choking for instance. Another form of control is emotional attacks like insults,name calling,spreading rumors and threats. Social attacks are a form of bullying that singlr out kids in of groups of others. The horrible events can start for many reasons including jelousy,gender bias or rasicm;it isn’t right. They terrorize and and harass their victims, ripping apart their self-esteem and attacking their insecurities until the unthinkable happen; violence or even tragic. People often think that bullies don’t see the effects of their actions, or that they don’t understand what they are doing to others. The thing is, bullies don’t understand what they are doing. Whether the bullies are kids are adults, they know its wrong. Bullying someone is abuse. What are we to do, send half of Americans to jail? Half of American kids wont end up in jail because they have other alternatives. For instance, bullies could be required to do community service,thearopy, or be shown a prison to show them what they future could be. In addition, parents, schools, and kids need to work together. The problems wont resolve on their own. We need to look at the facts of each situation and take the right hand to solve the problems right. We need to stand up to bullies and not them rip us out our self-esteem. Bullies must face some kind of consequence for all the tortur they did. What I would do is take them to Louisiana state prison and let them see what a real bully life is like. When I interviewed a student who got bullied a few times, he said he really didn’t care what happen to the bully, he just wished he wasn’t born. That’s the type of ways some bully victims feel, which is bad. So we got to stop this. I think one good trip to Louisiana state prison would be rally good for each bully we catch. It would show them what a real bully is. How to cite Bullying and Individual Person, Papers

Diabetes 2 Essay Example For Students

Diabetes 2 Essay Diabetes Some people have a disease that requires them to take daily injections of insulin. This disease is called diabetes, and cannot be cured. But, what if a non functioning pancreatic islet cells could be made to produce insulin once again. That would cure diabetes. The possibility has set the diabetes world excited over the past few monthsever since researchers at McGill University in Canada and the Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS) successfully regenerated islet cells in diabetic hamsters. The researchers used a mixture of proteins called Ilotropin to turn on nonfunctional islet cells. The treatment also caused new islet cells to grow where there had been few or none. Since then, in a report in the May 1997 Journal of Clinical Investigations, the researchers have identified the gene that Ilotropin triggers, the one involved in regenerating the islet cells. If the human version of the same gene could be turned on in similar fashion, type I insulin dependent diabetics and type IIs who inject insulin might have their natural insulin-producing apparatus restored. What is Diabetes? Well, this disease is known as diabetes mellitus, diabetes from the Greek word meaning excessive urination, a symptom the Greeks noticed, and mellitus, from the Latin for honey, which is because diabetic urine is filled with sugar and is sweet. Physicians and medical books use the term diabetes mellitus, but is the most commonly called diabetes. There are two major types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Both of them are a little different. But everyone with diabetes has one thing in common: Little or no ability to move sugaror glucoseout of their blood into their cells, where it is the bodys primary fuel. Everyone has glucose in their blood, whether or not they have diabetes. This glucose comes from food. When we eat, the digestive process breaks down carbohydrates into glucose, which is absorbed into the blood in the small intestine. To get insulin into the blood, do you have to inject it with a needle? Yes, but hopefully not for too much longer. Two new studies show that an experimental new inhaled insulin is at least as effective as injected insulin. A no-injection method of insulin has been the most important study for diabetes research for some time, because it would make blood glucose control much easier. Insulin pills failed because acids in the stomach destroy the pill. Squirting insulin into the nose also proved no good because of dosing problems and nasal irritation. But scientists now seem to have hit on something that works, which is a fine powder inhaled by mouth into the lungs, where it can be absorbed into the blood stream. The hormone is administered with a flashlight-sized inhaler. Does diabetes cause blindness? Sometimes is does, Compared with non-diabetics, people with diabetes are four times more likely to become blind. Among people who are legally blind, eight percent lost their vision because of diabetes. Each year, diabetes is the underlying cause of twelve percent of new blindness diagnoses. Among new diagnoses of type 2 diabetes, up to 21 percent show some degree of blindness. The most common type of eye disease that diabetics get is retinopathy. Retinopathy is caused by damage to the blood vessels that nourish the retinal nerves. Just as poorly controlled diabetes harms the major arteries, causing heart disease and stroke, the disease also takes a major toll on the tiny blood vessels in the retina. Diabetes also increase risk of cataracts, caused by clouding of the lens of the eye, and glaucoma, caused by an increase in fluid pressure within the eye that damages the optic nerve. In non-diabetic adults, less than 1 percent have glaucoma and 3 percent have cataracts. Among people with diabetes, the figures are 7 percent that have glaucoma and 22 percent have cataracts. These conditions cause much of the vision impairment in people diagnosed with diabetes over age 30 (type 2). .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a , .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .postImageUrl , .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a , .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a:hover , .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a:visited , .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a:active { border:0!important; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a:active , .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1aacf48b790111a15f2f2b8d40bada0a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Copernicus Essay Risk of both cataracts and glaucoma increases with age. These conditions are another reason diabetics should have annual eye exams. If cataracts become severe, the eye lens can be replaced with an artificial lens. If glaucoma develops, it can be treated with medications that reduce the .

Slave Narrative free essay sample

Can you imagine leaving your home only to never return, or leaving your home and being attacked and taken off to work for no pay or gratitude. Around the sasss this happened to many young men when slavery was popular not only in the United States, but surrounding countries. Around 1734 the Narratives of a young man name Bah Salesman Dial also known as JOB was captured by Thomas Bluest when a chance meeting happened Between the two men and from this meeting Bluest was instrumental in freeing Bah and sending him home to Africa.This story bring to mind questions of good and evil in this word. Was Bah evil? He was out selling slaves himself when he was taken captive. Did he deserve to be given a chance at freedom, or was this karma for all the slaves he had captured with his father and sold. Then who was Thomas Bluest? Wisped states Bluest gained lasting renown by the encounter with an African slave, Baby Salesman Dial, in 1 731. We will write a custom essay sample on Slave Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While in jail in Annapolis, Baby was visited by Thomas Bluest.Thomas became impressed with him and, through another slave acting as interpreter, wrote Basss biography Some Memoirs of the Life of Job, the Son of Solomon, the High Priest of Abandon in Africa; who was a Slave about Two Years in Maryland; and afterwards being brought to England, was Set free, and Sent to His Native Land in the Year 1734, which was published in London 1734. Bluest died in I think Thomas Bluest writing about Baby puts him in a good light. His intentions may have been for our benefit. How would we have known anything like this happened in history if it was not for people like Bluest. It also tell a story of how good natured he was in the Memoir when it speak about the chance encounter of the two men meeting and how Thomas eloped Bah get back to his family. For the most part I think the message was to give an account of the history of slavery. In summary slavery is nothing new it has been around from the beginning of time and it was not new to Bah.When he was out selling slaves it seems to me that he should have been more cautious. Was it wise of him to take Off all his amour and protection when away from home, in a strange place. Even though it is mentioned he was at a friends home, maybe that very friend is the person who set him up to be taken. Look like he did not make smart decisions for him to be such a smart young man. The process of enslavement was well known to him since he was off selling slaves himself for cattle. Slavery is a lifetime journey for people all over the world.Just like Bah story people have been captured, held against their will, and sold to others. The process is barbaric and even now people are sold into slavery in our modern times. This is why we hear of so many missing children and adults. Modern day slavery is against the law, but people still find a way to break the law. Some historians speak of the slaves life in Africa versus their life in the new world. In this story it speaks on how the Moodiness would hunt down the en for slavery. It also talks about the Moodiness causing injury to many Schoolfellows.Which was clearly different version of what happened in the new world slaves were made to work, but no mention of the hunt they speak about in the story. In conclusion the transcriber suggest a moral lesson to be learned. He speak about the kindness of strangers, and acts of charity. Agree there is a moral lesson which put me in the mind of there is good in all people. We are all Gods children and at one time or another there is something In use that make use want to show compassion? Yes even to a complete stranger.

Sensation and Perception Essays

Sensation and Perception Essays Sensation and Perception Essay Sensation and Perception Essay Sensation is a process by which we detect physical energy from the environment and encode it as neuron signals.   Perception is the process by which we select, organize, and interpret our sensations.   Sensory adaptation occurs when our sensitivity is diminished due to unchanging stimulus; in other words, after constant exposure to a stimulus, our nerve cells fire less frequently (we â€Å"feel it† less, it becomes almost unnoticeable).   Even though sensory adaptation reduces our sensitivity, it enables us to focus our attention on informative changes in our environment, without being distracted by the uninformative constant stimuli we are bombarded with (like the feel of our clothing, or the sound of street noise).Pain is your body’s way of telling you that   something has gone wrong.   It is not just a matter of sensing, but is also a property of the brain.   However, the pain system is not located in any one simple neural cord connected to a specific par t of the brain.   There is no one type of stimulus that triggers pain, and there are no specific receptors for pain.   At low intensities, the stimuli that cause pain can also cause other sensations, such as warmth or coolness.There is no one pain theory that explains all findings, but there are some useful theories that try to offer explanations.   The gate-control theory proposes that the spinal cord contains a neurological â€Å"gate† that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain.   The â€Å"gate† is opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and is closed by activity in larger fibers or by information coming from the brain.   In the cultural differences in pain theory, different cultures understand pain differently and place different significance on certain sensations.   One culture’s severe pain might be another’s minor ache, something that is just accepted as the way it is and thus needs to be dealt with, not allowing it to become a primary point of focus.

Korean Histiory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Korean Histiory - Essay Example This attack followed an earlier attack, assumed to have been instigated by North Korea, which resulted in the sinking of a South Korean naval ship and caused the death of over 40 crew members. However, as the sirens rang, children’s laughter could be heard in the streets which created a surreal sensation of contradiction in this divided nation. It left many bystanders, both Korean and foreign, questioning the validity of the drill; throughout 2010, people in South Korea have been debating over the possibility of an outbreak of war but, even in these debates, citizens are divided over important issues that are central to the historical and current situation faced by North and South Korea.1 Park Chan-wook’s 2000 movie, Joint Security Area, masterfully captures the endless contradictions imbedded within this ideological crisis, and the audience watches as these contradictions simultaneously destroy the characters while providing a glimpse into the possibility of a reunific ation between the North and the South. Korea has been characterized as a land of contradictions. This is poignantly depicted in JSA, in which nothing is as it seems; although North Korea has consistently been portrayed as monstrous in its military ambitions and nationalistic intentions, the movie depicts a very different interpretation of North Koreans. The portrayal of the JSA is pivotal to this alternative depiction of the North because it serves as a site where a crack in the ideological divide can be initiated. At first, the two opposing sides of the JSA are defined in stark contrast to the other, with the North Korean side being highly monitored and regimented, and the South Korean side being used as a site of voyeuristic tourism – the visual manifestation of communism versus democracy. However, as night falls, the ideological gap between North and South, which seems

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 46

Marketing - Essay Example 193). In this regard, services marketing need to design strategies that cater specifically to services, as contrasted to products or goods, due to the very nature and characteristics of services. As emphasized, services possess six distinguishing characteristics that make it distinct: its being (1) intangible; (2) inseparable in production and consumption; (3) perishable; (4) heterogeneous; (5) focused on client-based relationships; and (6) emphasis on customer contact (Chater 13: Services, n.d., pp. 193-194). Therefore, marketing practitioners should be able to recognize these characteristics in designing strategies that would cater to the needs and demands of the clientele. The strategies for services are also different from goods or products in terms of the need to consider these characteristics, as well as the ability of service organizations to satisfy the customers’ needs. Thus, a more comprehensive knowledge of the customers’ profile need to be established, in conjunction with the ability of the organization to provide the services that match their needs. Likewise, since services are intangible, it was also learned that the design of strategies would depend on the continuum of intangibility that is exemplified. According, â€Å"knowing where a product lies on this continuum is important in creating marketing strategies for service-dominant products† (Chater 13: Services, n.d., p. 193). Services marketing is therefore more challenging due to the nature of services, as well as the evaluation of the customers on the service quality that was provided. Therefore, the success of service marketing depends on the ability of service pr oviders to meet the customers’ demands and address any weaknesses as a means to achieve defined targets and goals. Essay 2: Generally, marketers use one of three basic targeting strategies to focus on a target market: undifferentiated, concentrated, or differentiated. Locate a news item or an article that discusses the target

The cost of capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The cost of capital - Essay Example The formula determines the appropriate expected return of alternative projects. The cost of capital is the amount that the investor has to pay in order to generate a series of future dividend incomes, return of investments (Sheridian, Martin & Keown, 2010). For example, Geoff Black (2010) reiterated the business earns $1,000,000 in one year. The profits will grow by 2 percent per year, and the company generates a net worth of $16,666,667 after two years. The cost of capital is arrived at as follows:After computing the formula, X is equal to 8 percent cost of capital figure. Further, the cost of capital can include the return that the stock market investors are expected to earn from their investments in a company. The firm that generates revenues more than the amount of cost of capital will entice the company’s current and prospective investors to invest additional funds into the invested company’s coffers.For example, Microsoft generated a 53 percent return on its equit y. The company’s equity is $7.2 billion. Computing, the company’s return on equity is $3.8 Billion. If the company’s cost of capital is 14 percent, the company’s cost of capital is $1.0 Billion. The company’s residual income is $2.8 Billion. ($3.8 Billion - $ 1.0 Billion). Another term for the $2.8 Billion net income is residual income or Economic Value Added (EVA). Under the Economic Value Added (EVA), management is faced with the financial question whether the assets can be better used in other areas or by fresh management.

AirAsia Berhad (AirAsia) | Analysis

AirAsia Berhad (AirAsia) | Analysis Introduction AirAsia Berhad (AirAsia) is one of the leading low cost airlines in South East Asia which has expanded rapidly since 2001. The company is based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and has successfully positioned itself in customers mind through the simple slogan Now Everyone Can Fly (AirAsia, 2009). The company is currently valued at approximately RM2.7 billion and has a total of 60 aircrafts that fly to over 50 domestic and international destinations with over 400 domestic and international flights daily (Euromonitor International, 2009). The operation for the short and long haul are handled by AirAsia and its sister company, AirAsia X Sdn Bhd (AirAsia X). AirAsia aims to establish itself as a leading low cost carrier in market by valuing its customers through cost advantages created by operational effectiveness and efficiency. More customers are able to fly taking into consideration the low fare charges as AirAsia capture segments of customers that previously could not afford the airlines fare. Whether the strategy exploits the companys key resources Each organisation is unique in terms of it resources and capabilities and the key to success merely depend on its ability to find or create a competence that is distinctive (Teece et.al.,1997). The Resource Based View (RBV) combines two perspectives, the internal analysis of phenomena within an organisation and an external analysis of the industry and its competitive environment (Collis and Montgomery, 1995). It goes beyond the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis by integrating internal and external perspectives. The ability of an organisations resources to present competitive advantages could not be determine without taking into considerations the boarder competitive concept. Barney (1995) indicated that organisations resources and capabilities must be evaluated in terms of value, rarity, imitability or non-substitutability (VRINE model). The value of the resources and capabilities interacts with the market sources and will differ based on time and industry. The three fundamental market forces; scarcity, demand and appropriability determines the value of a resources and capabilities (Collis and Montgomery, 1995). In order to answer the question of value, organisation could identify whether the resources and capabilities are able to meet market demand. As for AirAsia, the organisation relies on its human resources and management capabilities wherein these two components have satisfied the value requirement as it has been able to meet the demand for the Low Cost Carrier (LCC) market. The resources and capabilities own by AirAsia are homogenous in the market however aspect such as work culture and innovative routes differs it from the competitors. In applying the RBV concept, AirAsia has a competitive parity based on its valuable and not rare resources and capabilities. Immitability is something generic in the airline in dustry as aircraft, fast turnarounds time and others are easily duplicate. One of AirAsias imitable characteristics is path dependency wherein a characteristics of resources is developed and/or accumulated through a unique series of time. AirAsias work culture of openness between employees as well as the leadership from its Chief Executive Officer is something have been built up over a period of time which is difficult to duplicate. Moreover, the high capital requirement for market entry is another factor that leads to difficulty to imitate the resources and capabilities. It is undeniable that the said resources and capability be imitated as competitors will identify the same however it will take time and meanwhile, AirAsia gain the competitive advantages. Having a control and exploiting the resources and capabilities provides competitive advantages to the organizations (Carpenter and Sanders, 2009). AirAsia has exploited it resources and capabilities which is shown in the financial performance. AirAsia has gradually increased its performance throughout the years. AirAsias s net profit for the 3rd quarter of 2009 totalled RM130 million ($38.4 million) which is sustained by rising passenger numbers and income from add-on services. The profit achieved was a turnaround from a RM466 million ($137 million) net loss in the same period last year (www.airasia.com). The fit of the strategy to current industry conditions The competitive environment consists of many factors that are particularly relevant to an organisations strategy. Analysing the external environment particularly the industry is a starting point for firms to develop a strategy. Porters five forces include the overall structure rather than focusing to any one element. However the forces are not stagnant which tendency to change may occur. AirAsia operates within the airline industry and forces that are driven in the industry would identify the strength and weaknesses of the organisation. There is potential market in the Asia for LCC due to the rapid economic and disposable incomes growth. Infrastructure such as high speed trains and highways has yet to meet the high standard level and therefore customers tend to choose the air as mode of transportation. Hence, threats of substitutes are low as the geographical structure of Asia has made air travel the viable, efficient and convenient mode of transportation. Looking into this scenario, AirAsia entered the airline industry concentrating on the LCC and noted that at the initial stage there were less rivalry but as the industry grows, the rivalry among established firms become higher partly due to price issues. AirAsias main competitors are Firefly, Tiger Airways and Jetstar Asia. Knowing the said changes, AirAsia applied the adaptation process (Hanan Freeman, 1984) by expanding its operation to long haul services to various destinations. Moreover, AirAsia realise the price is destructive and try to avoid direct price c ompetition and try to create a friendly competition environment. As there is positive growth in the airline industry, full service airline carriers have refocused its operation related to costs and yields as it is seen as a requirement to maintain profitability (Graham and Vowles, 2006). There is possibility of new entrance by other LCC which creates further competition in the industry. For example, Firefly set up by Malaysia Airline System Berhad is a part of LCC industry in Malaysia that has adapted AirAsias low cost concept. However, it would not be a threat to AirAsia as Hanan Freeman (1984) highlighted it is difficult to imitate as tacit amount of knowledge is required on the targeted firm. The high capital requirement and government barriers air service agreement can act as barriers to entry. Due to significant growth within the industry, demand for additional aircraft has increased and suppliers will be in a powerful position. It was reported that Asia accounts for 40% of new aircraft orders for Boeing and Airbus and seat capacity on LCC worldwide has more than doubled in the past four years (Shameem, 2006). Due to few players, Boeing and Airbus and lack of competition in the market, the bargaining power of suppliers are low. Consequently there is not much competition in terms of pricing occurring between the two companies so an airline carrier will have to accept an offer from one of the suppliers. The bargaining power for buyers is low as there is no room to bargain for cheaper tickets as AirAsia provides the lowest price compared to other carriers. The biggest threats for AirAsia are the rivalry and risk of entry with the existing and potential competitors. LCC business is viable and there is healthy profitability provided AirAsia continuously improves itself and is flexible in the challenging market. The sustainability of the differentiators Porter (1996) indicated that to outperform rivals, an organisation need to deliver greater value to customers or/and build comparative value at a lower cost. The airline industry is at the growing stage and therefore stiff competition from existing and new LCC is expected in the future. In order to sustain its competitive advantage, AirAsia needs to leverage its competency in creating cost advantages. At present, AirAsia differentiates by providing substantially low fares with no frills concept by offering innovative routes. Murray (1988) indicated that there is uncertainty for sustainable differentiation to be achieved through product innovation and suggested that the area that could be concentrated for the said differentiation is quality and service. While, Porter (1996) highlighted that positioning are successful based on activity system and simple consistency between each activity aligning with the organisation strategy. AirAsia builds it brand name by providing a good quality service at a low price. During inception, AirAsia focused on internal destinations and have further entered the international destinations. AirAsia X is differentiated by its long haul LCC as customers would not need to look at different carriers to reach different destinations at a lowest price. It is based on the same no frills service model wherein the price is 80% lower than its competitor together with additional services that requires customer to pay additional payment such as food, entertainment and others. AirAsia also seek to create excitement amongst their customers with the range of innovative and personalized service such as self check-in. Due to AirAsias success in the industry, competition might one to adapt the companys business model. However, AirAsia had some advantages over its competitors by the advantage of experience and its brand enjoyed good recognition. AirAsia gain from the first mover advantage which allows it to establish itself before competition perceive further in this low cost segment, apart from competition that already exists across segments (low cost vs full service carriers). AirAsia has the strength to lay down the rules and framework in the industry for business and operational suitability. Through AirAsia philosophy of Now Everyone Can Fly, AirAsia has embarked a revolution in air travel with more and more people around the region choosing AirAsia as their preferred choice of transport. As Air Asia continuously strives to promote air travel, AirAsia also seek to create excitement amongst their guests with they range of innovative and personalized service. Moreover customer loyalty is build by the differentiation which could act as a defense against rivalry (Eng, 1994). Whether the elements of the strategy are consistent and aligned with the strategic position Strategy works as a driver in a firm in achieving goals and objectives (Carpenter and Sanders, 2009). AirAsias five strategy elements are as follows: Porter (1996) presented three generic strategies that an organisation could use to overcome the five forces and achieve competitive advantage. However, there were studies resulting that adapting one or more forms of competitive advantage will outperform better (Murray, 1988). In the LCC segment, cost is the competitive priority and it determines market position. In lieu of this, Airasia has applied the focused cost leadership strategy wherein it targets on specific markets; price sensitive customers as well as lowering its overall costs (Flouris and Walker, 2005). With the positive growth in the LCC, it will create opportunity to others to enter the market. Competition between carriers using the same business model will inevitably be intense. One of the major pitfall against attempting to differentiate is by trying to combine low cost and differentiation strategy by starting to add frills in its business model. However, by applying the said strategy, carriers have lost their source of competitive advantage by narrowing the strategic cost gap. Every frill or service adds to cost and reduced the strategic cost gap, thus curbing the flexibility to offer innovative price deals. Murray (1988) disagrees that cost structure is vital in relation to the output performance compared to the price sensitivity. Factors such as economy of scale and quality of management teams within the organization could be the benchmark for cost leadership. Under the cost leadership strategy, level of operation efficiency is vital as it assist in achieving cost advantages than the rivals by searching continuous areas for cost reduction along its value chain that leads to economies of scale (Eng, 1993). AirAsia increases its efficiency through increased route network and its operating activities by adapting cost optimising techniques such as quick turnaround times and maximizing of flight utilisation for its aircrafts (Shari, 2003). As the result from efficient operation, it minimizes the cost that is then passed on to customers so that affordable air travel can become a reality. In 2005, the cost per available seat mile (ASK) for Airasia was only 0.3 compared to the next lowest valu e from 0.6 being Firefly (www.airasia.com). AirAsia took advantage from the existence of e-commerce which is cheaper and easier technique in providing information about products and services. Furthermore, it gives a better and more convenient way of promoting the companys product and services. The cost related to web is very low compared to other methods like advertisement on television. AirAsia has taken advantage from this method to reduce the cost of operations that leads to operating on a low rate. Malaysia government has supported AirAsia through the opening of the LCC terminal in Kuala Lumpur International Airport which enhanced its competitive edge by reducing costs and better logistic planning (Euromonitor International, 2009). Competitors tend to know how big the market is and how good the opportunity is in Asia. Therefore, there is threat by competitors which could imitate AirAsias low cost base. Most of the competitors have the same concept of no frills and low price strategy and will continuously try to reduce its costs than AirAsia in order to gain sustainability in the market. The challenge for AirAsia is to reduce cost effectively which it is difficult for the competitors to copy. Possible issues associated with implementation Strategy formulation and implementation are interdependent with the objectives being a coherent set of strategy elements and implement levers (Carpenter and Sanders, 2009). In order to succeed in the LCC segment, AirAsia will need to maintain its low cost elements in their business design as it is critical to the long term success. The main reason is because the more gap between arises between the competiting airlines, the more flexibility will be available to offer lower price and gain market share. An extended route system will most certainly be a key differentiator and to sustain its competitive advantages, resources and capabilities need to be analysed further. Around the world, it has been observed that low cost airlines pursuing a generic business design have emerged as the most successful. Conclusion AA actual main strength was based in its innovative ways to keep the cost low which was hard to imitate. AirAsia has indicated that synergies between the internal and external factors could develop a competitive advantage. This has allowed AirAsia to positioned and be the market leader in the LCC. The brand name brand equity is a major strength that AirAsia must successfully capitalize. Bibliography Barney J.B. Looking Inside for Competitive Advantage (1995) Academy of Management Executive. 9(4) pp. 49-61 Carpenter, M.A., Sanders W.G. Strategic Management: A Dynamic Perspective Concepts and Cases (2009) Pearson International Edition. Collis, D. J.,Montgomery, C. A. Competing on Resources (1995) Harvard Business Review. pp. 118-128 Graham B., Vowles T.M. Carriers within Carriers: A Strategic Response to Low-Cost Airline Competition(2006) Transport Reviews, pp. 105-126 Porter M.E., What is Strategy (1996) Harvard Business School, pp. 61-78 Shameen A. AirAsia Takes Flights on Low Cost Carriers (September 26, 2006), Business Week Teece, D.J., Pisano G., Shuen, Amy. Dyanmic Capabilities and Strategic Management (1997) Strategic Management Journal. 18(7), pp. 509-533

Free Measure for Measure Essays: Social Injustice :: Measure for Measure

Social Injustice in Measure for Measure Social justice is a topic known all to well in today's society. Such issues as social heirarchial structure and unjust representatives of citizens of nations are issues in need of attention by those in power. Corruption, lies and greed by those in power however stand in the way of this form of justice from occurring, leaving many with little or no social status open to prejudice on race, religious and sexual grounds. William Shakespeare illustrates the ease in which power can corrupt in his play, Measure for Measure. In Measure for Measure, a leader corrupts the legal system for his own benefit. Vienna is being lead by Angelo, a name reflecting 'bad angel', and the city has been outraged due to his corrupt ways. The play is based around the court case of Claudio and the injustice delivered to him by the corrupt leader for a crime that some would consider being trivial. Claudio had made love to his fiancée prior to their marriage. At this time in Vienna, this was a crime punishable by death and Angelo was quick to pounce on this fact, sending Claudio to gaol and sentencing him to death. In studies of justice we have learnt that justice depends on the situation and this seems grossly unjust for a couple planning to be wed. After Claudio is sentenced to death, Shakespeare creates an interesting turn of events showing just how corrupt leadership can be. Once Claudio's sister, Isabella, a novice nun approaches Angelo to dispute his decision and begs for mercy, he tells her that in order to save her brother, she will have to give up her virginity to him: Angelo: "Admit no other way to save his life- As I subscribe not that, nor any other, But in the loss of question- that you, his sister, Finding yourself desired of such a person, Whose credit with the judge, or own great place, Could fetch your brother from the manacles Of the all-binding law, and that there were No earthly mean to save him, but that either You must lay down the treasures of your body To this supposed, or else to let him suffer: What would you do?" Isabella: "As much for my brother as myself:

Assess the View That the Nuclear Family Functions

Assess the view that the nuclear family functions for the benefit of the individual and society. A nuclear family is universal and consists of two generations of families: a father, a mother and their children, all living in the same household. In this essay, I will be assessing the views that the nuclear family functions to benefit all its members and society as a whole, from a Functionalist, Feminist and a Marxist perspective.In order to assess these views, it is necessary to first establish the functions that the nuclear family performs and then to assess whether these benefit the individual and the wider society. Sociologists such as George Peter Murdoch (1949) claimed that the family was a ‘universal institution'. This is a functionalist view, however Marxists feminists argues that it online met the needs of capitalists. Functionalists see society as playing a major role in achieving social goals such as proving positive norms and values for the individual and society to r eproduce consensus.They believe that institutions such as the family must have a function which benefits society and its members. They believe that without consensus society will collapse into chaos. Consensus and shared values enables the members of society to cooperate with each other providing unity. Functionalist sees society as an institution from which norms and values are shares providing harmony. Functionalists regard society as a system that depend on each other such as the institution of the family, the education system and the economy.They look at what the nuclear family does for the whole of society, not just for certain individuals. Functionalists consider the nuclear family as essential for society’s smooth running. George Peter Murdoch (1949) claimed that the family was a universal institution. He studied 250 different societies and cultures and found that the family existed in one form or another. This suggests that families are necessary in some way whether i t be for societies to survive, for individual well-being, or both. He believed that the family performed four vital functions.Sexual: where adults can enjoy healthy sex lives with their marital parenters preventing disruption to society and conflicts that could arise from sexual desires such as affairs and also allows children to be raised by their natural parents. Reproductive: the family allows the reproduction of the next generation without doing so, society will cease to exist. Economic: the family ensures the survival of its members by providing food and shelter. Education: the family allows primary socialisation without it there will be no consensus about society’s norms and values.Functionalists have been criticised for ignoring the dark side of family life. Many families are places of disruption and violence from at least one of its members suffering from domestic violence, child abuse and divorce. Murdock’s views have been criticised to be conservative rather than universal. In different society’s people have different methods of child rearing influenced by their religious teachings, class and different psychological approaches to the upbringing of children. Talcott Parsons believed that the family performed two functions.Primary socialisation: children’s personalities are moulded in terms of society’s culture; they learn normal and values from their parents for example expressive roles from the mother and an instrumental role from the father. Stabilisation of adult personalities: marital parents provides each other with emotional support, idea that the man can relieve the stress of being insecure in his workplace by allowing himself to relax by indulging in his childish side. Due to this taking place, it relieves adult family members and strengthens social stability.Parsons views can be criticised as his perceptions of society are outdated. Family diversity now exits. Marxists would criticise of the nuclear family a s they see the role of primary socialisation as exploiting the working class which promotes and maintains class inequality. A Hierarchal structure exists within the Nuclear Family, as the man is considered the breadwinner, the head of the household who has the responsibility to go out and work to earn money for the family’s needs.This structure enables men to accept their perhaps low status at work which stops them from questioning the hierarchal nature of capitalism which only benefits the powerful and rich. Marxists Feminist would criticise the nuclear family as benefitting the capitalists system and therefore the ruling class. Men benefit from the Nuclear family and the capitalist system through the exploitation of women. Women are expected to have children and spend a lot of time to raise them. They would argue that primary socialisation means that males will remain dominant and women will remain inferior even in the future generations.

Marks and Spencer’s Company Analysis Essay

Marks and Spenser is the largest retailer in UK, and 43rd in the world. The company owns more than 1103 stores, of which 703 – in the UK, and the remaining 400 in 44 other countries (Marks & Spencer, 2013). M&S has been known as a manufacturer of clothing, but since the 2000s, the company developed in other areas, including: food, household good, financial services. In 1998, M&S became the first British retailer profit of which exceeded  £ 1 billion (Bevan, 2002). This essay will focus on origin and key developments. Also, it will touch on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and the threats the organization faces. M&S started as a small household shop which established by Michael Marks in 1884. Because he frequently traded with a supplier, he knew Tom Spencer who was a cashier in this warehouse. It is the person who invested ï ¿ ¡300 into M&S to further expand (Harvey & Walker, 2012). From this year, the small shop began to trade under the name ‘Marks and Spencer Penny Bazaar’. Simon Marks, Michael’s son, took over M&S in 1916. In order to be outstanding from fierce competition, Simon went to America for gaining experience and absorbing useful ideas. During the period from 1930s to 1940s, M&S witnessed a rapid growth. In 1927, M&S went public. Between 1929 and 1939, its profits rose by about 21million to nearly 25 million. At the same time, M&S introduced the concept of CRS, which is one of the key determinants for its success. CRS is responding to the needs of a company’s stakeholders, especially staff. In the late of 1940s, the Second World War collapsed. Britain went through a huge recession. A considerable number of people live in impoverished, the gap between different classes broadened. Some people showed their anger by ruining infrastructur es and stores. The implement of CRS improved the condition of employers and established good image. As a result, M&S recovered quicker than other companies. According to Marketline, 2012, quality is a major strength of Marks & Spencer since the company was founded. It makes Marks & Spencer recognised as a high-valued company which offers its outstanding quality goods as well as reasonably priced products. Consequently, this results in advantages regarding foods over its competitors such as Sainsbury and Tesco. A wider range product than other rivals is also the key of Marks & Spencer’s success; namely, menswear, womenswear, childswear, household goods and foods. By its strategy, it contributes company to launch specific products to respond consumers’ needs and satisfaction, for example gluten-free bread and cakes for egg-allergic patients. A variety of foods is the essential part for Mark & Spencer with regard to company’s profit, with 51% of total revenue (Marks & Spencer, 2013). Conversely, Marks & Spencer is heavily criticised in terms of clothing and stocking. Clothing design is one of the most factors in which customers are likely not to buy because of its old-fashioned design compared to other up-to-date clothing retailers; Top-shop, Next, Zara (FT, 2012). It significantly leads to the decline on clothing business for Marks & Spencer. Meanwhile, stocking was an area that M&S has to improve in the way which the company cannot meet the demands of its customers. The shortage of clothing causes customers losing their confidence in Marks & Spencer, and therefore, has an impact on somewhere, especially clothing sales (FT, 2012). According to M&S company website, Shwopping is a brand new environmentally commercial marketing strategy, which could be used to get a new cloth by changing an old one. Owing to this programme, M&S is able to collect as much second-hand clothing as it could, taking advantages of these materials to make new stuff; or donating them to poor regions. For M&S, this is a â€Å"one stone, three birds† commercial opportunity, as it may enjoy being a friendly-environmental company which contributes to a positive reputation; also it is likely to get a cheaper resource to make clothing; in addition, a growing number of customers would like to shop M&S, resulting from the â€Å"buy one, get one† culture. On the other hand, M&S’s clothing department is facing a huge risk. Hickman (2012) states that although M&S is popular with older women, it is losing the market for younger generation due to its out-of-date style. That is because there are many more fashionable shops on the high street, such as ZARA, H&M and NEXT. According to Butler (2013), M&S has witnessed a drop of 3.8% in revenues of clothing and homewaes in the last three months of 2012. Unlike M&S, for example, ZARA has created a â€Å"fast and cheap fashion† culture for all ages (Hickman 2012). As a result, there is a strong likelihood for M&S’ managers to think about ways in order its old-fashion image. In conclusion, it has been seen that Marks and Spenser is a successful company that has always offered best quality products, which is how it was able to keep afloat and succeed. Also, It has been shown that recent years Mark and Spencer has been faced difficulties with customer loyalty and â€Å"not fashionable† trends. In order to keep its unique position in the market, M&S needs keep a solid hold on its values and principles, but at the same time leave some space for change. Also, M&S should expand to new market places to countries like China and India, and consider essential moments about that a different market will always have different demand. Finally, Marks and Spenser should keep up with the latest fashion trends, constantly reviewing interior design of its stores and sustain the feel good factor of shopping in M&S.

Mumia Abu Jamal essays

Mumia Abu Jamal essays Wesley Cook was born in 1954. While he was protesting at a George Wallace for president rally in 1968, several white men attacked him. He claims that two men grabbed him. One kicked his face and skull, while the other kicked him in the groin. As the beating progressed, he looked up and saw the two-toned gold-trimmed pant leg of a Philadelphia police officer. He yelled for the police, who saw him on the ground being beaten to a pulp. A police officer marched over briskly, and kicked him in the face.1 I have been thankful to that faceless cop ever since, for he kicked me straight into the Black Panther Party.2 Wesley Cook became a founding member of the Black Panther Partys Philadelphia chapter in 1969 at the age of 15. After joining mainstream news organizations in the 1970s, Wesley Cook changed his name to Mumia Abu-Jamal. As a teenage journalist, Jamal took an interest in stories about police brutality. Jamal was known to be a rare talent of radio journalism. He had a powerful intellect and a burning empathy for poor people. He was known as a skillful interviewer and became a well-known figure in local broadcasting journalism. Jamal appeared on National Public Radio, the National Black Network, and local Philadelphia stations including WUHY-FM (now WHYY). He had a lot of admiring friends in journalism and politics, and had no prior record of crime or violence. Despite his personal experience of police brutality and years as a teenage Black Panther, he kept his noise clean even under the microscope of the FBI and Philadelphia police surveillance. By the late 1970s, Jamal was also an ardent sympathizer and supporter of MOVE a black militant antiestablishment, antipolice group. He started wearing his hair in long dreadlocks like a MOVE member. By mid 1981, Jamals growing obsession with MOVE had compromised his standing as a journalist and cost him his job at WUHY. H...

Case Management Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case Management Review - Essay Example Either way, the result is the same for both instances with single or multiple cortical infarction. Large vessel atherosclerosis starts as fatty layers in the arteries which harden into plaque as a person gets older. The development from fatty streak or layer to an unstable plaque may start off as a response to an endothelial injury which may cause an inflammatory response (Gilman, 2007). This response starts off with inflammatory cell migration, lipid deposition, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. After which, different events occur which then cause instability of the plaque, plaque rupture, platelet aggregation, and cause the formation of thrombus – eventually leading to infarction. Infarcts in particular areas of the brain may then contribute to the cognitive impairment of the patient (Gilman, 2007). In the patient’s case, the part of her brain which is attributed to her memory has been affected, thereby causing her memory impairment, decreasing her capacity for ne w learning and causing her disorientation. Her other functions are intact as she is able to manage writing tasks, difficult and complex activities, as well as basic problem solving. Based on some patient’s aging processes, they also suffer from cognitive sequences which are not dependent on structural lesions in the brain (Gilman, 2007). â€Å"Such people, by virtue of their age, may be more prone to hypoperfusion injury of critical areas of the brain such as the hippocampus of the basal ganglia† (Gilman, 2007, p. 229). In this patient, her cognitive impairment may be attributed to such hypoperfusion injury. Area of concern: Total hip fracture The patient underwent hip replacement when her hips were injured by a fall. This surgical procedure is conducted in order to replace the femoral neck with a metal alloy or any other material. These are common injuries among the elderly, especially those with osteoarthritis, compromised sight, and those using drowse-inducing medic ations (Jackson, et.al., 2009). This type of surgery can only be carried out as an inpatient surgery with its related preoperative and postoperative processes. The patient must therefore be oriented about the surgery and the preparations he must undergo in order to ensure a successful surgery and postoperative process. Following the surgical procedure is the immediate rehabilitation in order to ensure that the patient would regain strength in his injured hips (Paul and Peterson, 2002). A major part of the surgery is walking, sitting, and standing independently. During the physical therapy sessions, the nurse is obliged to assist the therapist in ensuring that the patient is safe during the exercises and that she can later carry out these exercises with the patient even without the assistance of the therapist (Meiner, 2005). The first part of the therapy would involve the safe and proper use of the walker. It also involves the process of learning how to safely sit from a lying positi on, how to stand from a sitting position, and how to walk safely with the crutches or cane (Landefeld, 2004). It is also the nurse’s duty to clear the area where the patient usually walks and to ensure that there are no barriers which would trip the patient or which would block the conduct of his therapeutic activities. The nurse must also learn the different exercises which the patient can safely carry out in order to ensur

National Science Teacher Association Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

National Science Teacher Association - Essay Example NSTA Journal Articles contain peer-reviewed journals that can be easily searchable by science professionals. These online resources are very useful for the teachers as they effectively fit the needs and learning style of every science teacher. The teachers are able to access these online resources whenever required. It also provides membership to the science professionals, which include teachers, administrators, scientists, and all those people who are related to the field of science. NSTA has some guiding principles, which make this association the largest organization committed to the progress of science professionals. Some of those guidelines include valuing scientific excellence, facilitating researchers to enhance their learning and teaching, promoting the concepts of diversity and respects, and making NSTA a dynamic and professional organization. NSTA is a dynamic organization, which constantly provides extraordinary services to science teachers and professionals. Summing it up , NSTA not only facilitates the teachers to evaluate and improve their teaching skills but also enables them to receive a certificate upon completion of training and learning style of every science teacher.